Junior Cert Science - Chemistry

Which one of the following substances is NOT an example of an everyday acid?
1. toothpaste
2. rain water
3. vinegar
4. orange juice
Which one of the following substances is NOT an example of an everyday base?
1. lemon juice
2. baking powder
3. household bleach
4. oven cleaner
Caustic soda is the common name for
1. sodium hydroxide
2. sodium carbonate
3. sodium chloride
4. calcium hydroxide
Which one of the following statements is correct?
1. Red litmus paper changes to blue in an alkalkine solution.
2. Red litmus paper changes to blue in a neutral solution.
3. In a neutral solution, blue litmus paper changes to red.
4. Blue litmus paper does not change colour in an acid.
The diagram shows the colour change that takes place after litmus solution is added to two different colourless solutions. Which one of the following is correct?
1. A = acidic, B = neutral
2. A = acidic, B = alkaline
3. A = alkaline, B = neutral
4. A = neutral, B = alkaline
Which of the following pHs would you expect a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide to have?
1. 14
2. 9
3. 7
4. 1
Which one of the following substances should you rub to the sting of a bee to neutralise it?
1. baking soda
2. Vinegar
3. Lemon juice
4. citric acid
Which one of the following substances should you rub to the sting of a wasp to neutralise it?
1. vinegar
2. baking soda
3. toothpaste
4. solution of washing soda
What are the two products when an acid and base react together?
1. salt and water
2. carbon dioxide and salt
3. carbon dioxide and water
4. alkali and carbon dioxide
What are the two products when an acid and carbonate react together?
1. salt, water and carbon dioxide
2. carbon dioxide and salt
3. carbon dioxide and water
4. salt and carbon dioxide
Name the two pieces of apparatus shown which are used in neutralising an acid with a base
1. A = burette, B = pipette
2. A = pipette, B = conical flask
3. A = pipette filler, B = burette
4. A = burette, B = funnel
Which one of the following equations is correct for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
1. HCl + NaOH --> NaH + HOCL
2. HCl + NaOH --> H₂ + NaOCl
3. HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H₂O
4. HCl + NaOH --> HCl + H₂O
Which one of the following is the correct chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?
1. HCl
2. H₂SO₄
3. HNO₃
4. NaCl
Which one of the following is the correct chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?
1. NaOH
2. Ca(OH)₂
3. CaCO₃
4. ZnCl₂
Which one of the following pieces of apparatus would you NOT use in a titration?
1. gas jar
2. burette
3. conical flask
4. stand with clamp
Which one of the following reactions is correct?
1. zinc + hydrochloric acid --> zinc chloride + hydrogen
2. zinc + hydrochloric acid --> zinc chloride + water
3. zinc + hydrochloric acid --> zinc hydroxide + chlorine
4. zinc + hydrochloric acid --> zinc + chlorine
What gas is produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium carbonate?
1. carbon dioxide
2. hydrogen
3. oxygen
4. nitrogen
Which ONE of the following is NOT a property of an acid?
1. Its pH is greater than 7
2. It has a sour taste
3. It turns litmus red
4. It reacts with metals to form hydrogen gas
The process by which an acid neutralises a base is called
1. neutralisation
2. competition
3. respiration
4. condensation
This is the acid found in your stomach.
1. Hydrochloric acid
2. Sulfuric acid
3. Nitric acid
4. Ethanoic acid
Which TWO of the following statements about alkalis are correct?
1. They have a slippery feeling
2. They have a pH less than 7
3. They react with metals to form hydrogen gas
4. They have a sour taste
For the reaction MgO + 2HCl ---> ? + H₂O, what is missing?
1. MgCl₂
2. 2MgCl
3. MgCl
4. Mg₂Cl
Which one of the folowing formulae represents a salt?
1. KCl
2. H₂O
3. HCL
4. HNO₃
Which one of the following solutions will turn red litmus blue?
1. HCL
2. NaOH
3. NaCl
4. H₂SO₄
Which one of the following pHs is that of an acid?
1. 4
2. 7
3. 8
4. 14
Which one of the following acids is contained in milk?
1. lactic acid
2. citric acid
3. carbonic acid
4. hydrochloric acid
The acid responsible for putting the fizz in fizzy drinks is
1. carbonic acid
2. sulfuric acid
3. citric acid
4. hydrochloric acid
Name the process taking place in the diagram where an acid reacts with a base.
1. titration
2. evaporation
3. distillation
4. concentration
Ammonia is found in many household products such as window cleaner. What is its pH?
1. 1
2. 3
3. 7
4. 10
If air is bubbled slowly through water, the pH of the water changes from 7 to 5.7. What gas in the air is responsible for this?
1. carbon dioxide (CO₂)
2. hydrogen (H₂)
3. oxygen (O₂)
4. nitrogen (N₂)
Which one of the following always happens when an acid is neutralised by an alkali?
1. a gas is produced
2. a salt is formed
3. the pH decreases
4. a colourless solution is formed
Acid waste from a factory is found to be killing fish in a nearby river. Which one of the following if added to the water would help prevent the fish kill?
1. chlorine
2. lime
3. salt
4. sand
Which one of the following properties would show that a substance was acidic?
1. It has a pH greater than 9
2. It is corrosive on contact with skin
3. It changes the colour of universal indicator to purple
4. It reacts with a metal to form hydrogen gas
An alkali
1. is a soluble substance
2. reacts with a carbonate to form carbon dioxide
3. can act as an indicator
4. has a pH value less than 7
Most plants prefer soil with a pH between 6 and 8. Soil from an area where lime-loving plants thrive was mixed with universal indicator solution. What colour would you expect the solution to change to?
1. yellow, pH = 6
2. green, pH = 7
3. blue, pH = 8
4. red, pH = 3
Red cabbage contains a dye that can act as an indicator. A substance is tested with this indicator and the colour changes to blue. This substance is most likely to be
1. sodium chloride solution
2. hydrochloric acid
3. sodium hydroxide solution
4. car battery acid
Of the following substances, which is the strongest acid?
1. stomach acid (HCl)
2. vinegar
3. rain water
4. coke
If a mechanic wants to test the strength of the acid in a car battery, which one of the following would give the best result?
1. universal indicator
2. litmus paper
3. methyl orange indicator
4. cobolt chloride paper
If suffering from an upset stomach, you may use a remedy such as Andrews, Gaviscon, Rennie, Alka-Seltzer etc. These are all examples of
1. bases
2. acids
3. salts
4. pain-killers
The exact pH of a substance may be found using
1. litmus paper
2. universal indicator paper
3. sodium chloride solution
4. methyl orange indicator
A bottle of hydrochloric acid contains the hazard symbol shown. What does this symbol mean?
1. corrosive
2. irritant
3. explosive
4. flammable
Which one of the following pairs of substances will produce salt and water when mixed together properly?
1. hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
2. hydrochloric acid and magnesium
3. sodium hydroxide and calcium
4. water and sodium hydroxide
Which one of the following is the correct formula for sulfuric acid?
1. H₂SO₄
2. HCl
3. NaOH
4. SO₂
Which one of the following substances is NOT a base?
1. H₂SO₄
2. Ca(OH)₂
3. NH₃
4. KOH
Why would universal indicator be a better choice of acid-base indicator than litmus?
1. Litmus can only be used for acids only
2. Litmus can only be used for alkalis only
3. Universal indicator gives the exact pH of the substance being tested
4. Litmus does not work for neutral solutions
Which colour does universal indicator turn in hydrochloric acid?
1. red
2. green
3. blue
4. purple
A base that is soluble in water is known as
1. basic
2. an alkali
3. acidic
4. neutral
Which one of the following household substances is a base?
1. tomato ketchup
2. vinegar
3. table salt
4. washing soda
What colour will litmus paper change to if placed in orange juice?
1. red
2. blue
3. yellow
4. green
What type of taste will bases generally have?
1. salty
2. bitter
3. sour
4. sweet

Junior Cert Science - Chemistry - Acids and Bases

Multiple Choice Quiz